These results suggest that the immunological functions of macrophages is related to the activity of glutathione peroxidase. The non-specific immune-polysaccharide might protect macrophages by the damage induced by reactive oxygen species by enhancing anti-oxidative capacity.
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Randomized adjuvant trial to evaluate the addition of tamoxifen and PSK to chemotherapy in patients with primary breast cancer. 5-Year results from the Nishi-Nippon Group of the Adjuvant Chemoendocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer Organization.
Display Settings: Abstract
Cancer. 1992 Nov 15;70(10):2475-83.
Toi M, Hattori T, Akagi M, Inokuchi K, Orita K, Sugimachi K, Dohi K, Nomura Y, Monden Y, Hamada Y, et al.
Department of Surgery, Hiroshima University, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A randomized adjuvant trial was conducted from October 1982 to January 1985 to evaluate the addition
of tamoxifen (TAM) to combination chemotherapy with perioperative mitomycin C (MMC) and ftorafur (FT) for patients with
estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumors and the addition of PSK, a biologic response modifier, to MMC+FT chemotherapy
for patients with ER-negative tumors in operable Stage IIA, IIB, and IIIA cancer. The doses used were 20 mg of oral TAM
daily, 600 mg of oral FT daily, and 3 g of oral PSK daily for 2 years. Intravenous MMC (13 mg/m2) was given on the day
of operation. METHODS: A total of 967 patients were entered and randomized by stratification based on ER status and
staging (1978 International Union Against Cancer [UICC] criteria at the time of trial execution). Of 967 patients, 914
(94.5%) were evaluable. At 5-year follow-up, significant prolonged overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS)
times were seen with the addition of TAM in patients with ER-positive and Stage IIIA T3N0 cancer (1987 UICC-American
Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] criteria); however, no significant survival benefit from TAM was seen in patients with
ER-positive and Stage IIA T2N1 cancer. There was no significant difference between regimens, with or without PSK, in
patients with ER-negative disease. RESULTS: Results of subset analyses suggested a benefit from TAM in
postmenopausal patients with ER-positive and Stage IIA T2N1 cancer and a benefit from PSK in patients with
node-negative, ER-negative, and Stage IIA T2N1 cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The 5-year results of the current trial showed a
survival advantage by the addition of TAM to chemotherapy in patients with ER-positive and Stage IIIA T3N0 cancer.
PMID: 1423177 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]
U.S. National Library of Medicine
National Institutes of Health
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Tumor cytostasis mediated by LPS- or PSK-activated human plastic-adherent peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Display Settings: Abstract
Cell Immunol. 1992 Oct 15;144(2):358-66.
Kobayashi Y, Yoshikawa T, Watanabe N.
Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Chiba, Japan.
Abstract
We investigated the mechanism of cytostasis mediated by activated human plastic-adherent peripheral blood mononuclear
cells (PBMC) in two cell lines, L.P3 cells (TNF alpha sensitive) and A375 cells (TNF alpha insensitive), using two biological
response modifiers, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and a protein-bound polysaccharide extracted from a fungus, PSK. In
L.P3/LPS, L.P3/PSK, and A375/LPS cultures, the cytostatic effects were significantly reversed by anti-TNF alpha
antibody, while in the A375/PSK culture they were not. In concordance with this, LPS was a good inducer of TNF alpha,
but PSK was not. In A375/PSK culture, PSK-activated cells arrested A375 cells at the boundary between G1 and S,
presumably through inhibition of polyamine synthesis. This growth inhibition may be mediated by an unknown soluble factor
which is different from TNF alpha, IL-1, IL-6, and TGF beta.
PMID: 1394447 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]
U.S. National Library of Medicine
National Institutes of Health
MeSH Terms, Substances
The Physio-Chemical Characteristics of the Polysaccharide-peptide (PSP) of Coriolus versicolor (Yun Zhi)
Q.Y. Yang, S.C. Yong and X.T. Yang
Shanghai Normal University
Abstract
PSP is an anticarcinogen and immunological regulator identified as a polysaccharide peptide which has been extracted from the deep layer cultivated mycelia of Coriolus versicolor. Infrared spectrophotometer at wavelenghts of 3432 cm-1, 1621 cm-1 and 1073 cm-1 produces three absorption bands.
The N.M.R. of PSP has the characteristic to show absorption at 1.0-2.5 ppm, 3.0-3.4, 4.5, 5.4 ppm and broad absorption in the region of 3.0-4.3 ppm.
Use spectrophotometer to determine the effluent separated from the column of gel chromatography (Sephadex G-75), The results shown that maximum absorption peaks of polypeptide and polysaccharides are found in the homeo-collecting tubes.
The polysaccharide portion is composed of the five monsaccharides, galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, and fucose. The amino acids most frequently found in the polypeptide are aspartic and glutamic. PSP has no sharply defined fusion point. It is insoluble in methyl alcohol, pryridine, benzene, hexane, and chloroform but is very soluble in hot water. The pH value of its 1% water solution is 6.6. It is heat and light stable. &nbp; When kept at a temperature of 100oC for 48 hours or irradiated with ultraviolet light for 30 hours there is essentially no change in composition. Using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) the molecular weight has been calculated at about 1×105 Dalton.
The cell death process of the anticancer agent polysaccharidepeptide (PSP) in human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells.
Yang X, Sit WH, Chan DK, Wan JM.
Department of Zoology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfalum Road, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China.
Abstract
The polysaccharide peptide (PSP) isolated from the mycelia of Chinese Medicinal fungus Coriolus versicolor has proven
benefits in clinical trials in China but the mechanism of action has not been elucidated. In this study, HL-60 cell line was
used to investigate the anti-proliferation and cell death process of PSP. The cytotoxicity of PSP on normal human
T-lymphocytes was also evaluated. We show that PSP induced apoptosis of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells
but not of normal human T-lymphocytes. The apoptotic machinery induced by PSP was associated with a decrease in
Bcl-2/Bax ratio, drop in mitochondrial transmembrane potential, cytochrome c release, and activation of caspase-3, -8 and
-9. Activation of the cellular apoptotic program is a current strategy for the treatment of human cancer, and the selectivity
of PSP to induce apoptosis in cancerous and not on normal cells supports its development as a novel anticancer agent.
PMID: 15870943 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]
PubMed
U.S. National Library of Medicine
National Institutes of Health
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Suppression of cancer cell growth in vitro by the protein-bound polysaccharide of Coriolus versicolor QUEL (PS-K) with SOD mimicking activity.
Display Settings: Abstract
Cancer Biother. 1994 Spring;9(1):63-9.
Kobayashi Y, Kariya K, Saigenji K, Nakamura K.
Molecular Biology Laboratory, Kotasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
Abstract
The protein-bound polysaccharide of Coriolus versicolor QUEL (PS-K) expresses the mimicking activity of superoxide
dismutase (SOD). Examination was made of the suppressive effects of PS-K on cancer cell lines cultured in vitro. The
SOD activity of LLC-WRC-256 (Walker 256 fibrosarcoma) cell lines was less than that of NRK-49F (rat normal kidney
fibroblast), H4-II-E (rat hepatoma) and H4-II-E-C3 (rat hepatoma) cell lines. This activity in Walker 256 fibrosarcoma cells
increased by 3.6 times and H2O2 concentration, by 2.56 times by PS-K 500 micrograms/ml. Cell proliferation was
consequently suppressed and living cells decreased to less than 50% of the cells cultured without PS-K. Catalase and
glutathione peroxidase activity changed little by PS-K. The sensitivity of cancer cells to PS-K can be predetermined based
on SOD activity in tumor tissue.
PMID: 7812358 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]
PubMed
U.S. National Library of Medicine
National Institutes of Health
MeSH Terms, Substances
LinkOut – more resources
Randomized adjuvant trial to evaluate the addition of tamoxifen and PSK to chemotherapy in patients with primary breast cancer. 5-Year results from the Nishi-Nippon Group of the Adjuvant Chemoendocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer Organization.
Display Settings: Abstract
Cancer. 1992 Nov 15;70(10):2475-83.
Toi M, Hattori T, Akagi M, Inokuchi K, Orita K, Sugimachi K, Dohi K, Nomura Y, Monden Y, Hamada Y, et al.
Department of Surgery, Hiroshima University, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A randomized adjuvant trial was conducted from October 1982 to January 1985 to evaluate the addition
of tamoxifen (TAM) to combination chemotherapy with perioperative mitomycin C (MMC) and ftorafur (FT) for patients with
estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumors and the addition of PSK, a biologic response modifier, to MMC+FT chemotherapy
for patients with ER-negative tumors in operable Stage IIA, IIB, and IIIA cancer. The doses used were 20 mg of oral TAM
daily, 600 mg of oral FT daily, and 3 g of oral PSK daily for 2 years. Intravenous MMC (13 mg/m2) was given on the day
of operation.
METHODS: A total of 967 patients were entered and randomized by stratification based on ER status and
staging (1978 International Union Against Cancer [UICC] criteria at the time of trial execution). Of 967 patients, 914
(94.5%) were evaluable. At 5-year follow-up, significant prolonged overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS)
times were seen with the addition of TAM in patients with ER-positive and Stage IIIA T3N0 cancer (1987 UICC-American
Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] criteria); however, no significant survival benefit from TAM was seen in patients with
ER-positive and Stage IIA T2N1 cancer. There was no significant difference between regimens, with or without PSK, in
patients with ER-negative disease.
RESULTS: Results of subset analyses suggested a benefit from TAM in
postmenopausal patients with ER-positive and Stage IIA T2N1 cancer and a benefit from PSK in patients with
node-negative, ER-negative, and Stage IIA T2N1 cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: The 5-year results of the current trial showed a
survival advantage by the addition of TAM to chemotherapy in patients with ER-positive and Stage IIIA T3N0 cancer.
PMID: 1423177 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]
PubMed
U.S. National Library of Medicine
National Institutes of Health
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
LinkOut – more resources
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Will Swain / W H Swain Co.
wswain.myinlife.com
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